Targeted pathway inhibitors are a newer type of treatment for PTCL that focus on blocking specific molecules or signals that cancer cells use to grow and survive. Unlike chemotherapy, which affects all rapidly dividing cells, targeted therapies are designed to act on particular pathways that are more active or abnormal in cancer cells. By disrupting these signals, targeted inhibitors can slow or stop cancer growth while often causing fewer effects on healthy cells. They are generally most effective when the cancer cells have known corresponding molecular changes, making them more likely to respond to the specific targeted therapy.